Suppose I have a binary Covariate X which is defined as
X =
\begin{cases}
1, & \text{if treatment group} \\
0, & \text{if placebo group}
\end{cases}
The model is \mathbb E[Y] = \beta_0 + \beta_1X,
where Y is a continuous random variable.
If X=0, then \mathbb E[Y] =...